"The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising was the 1943 event where Jews, awaiting to be sent to extermination camps in Treblinka, Poland, fought against Nazi soldiers. The underground Jewish Fighting Organization launched a surprise attack on Nazi soldiers in January 1943. The fighting lasted until May 1943, when Nazis bombed the ghetto—the blocked-off area where Jews were forced to live—and demolished the Great Synagogue of Warsaw."
- World History: The Modern Era
- World History: The Modern Era
November 1940: ESTABLISHMENT OF GHETTO
- Warsaw was the largest ghetto
- 7-13 people per room in 1,500 buildings - Warsaw was more intense and painful than the other ghettos - Supplies and food were scarce in the ghetto causing the deaths of tens of thousands |
"In 1940, the Nazi Party removed 80,000 non-Jewish Poles from Warsaw's Jewish quarter and moved in more than 150,000 Jews from other parts of the city. The Jewish quarter was surrounded by barbed wire and later closed off with a 10-foot-high, 11-mile-long brick wall, which established the Warsaw ghetto."
-"Warsaw Ghetto Uprising" |
July 1942 - September 1942: CONDITIONS IN THE GHETTO
"By the summer of 1942, approximately 500,000 Jews lived within the ghetto. Living space was extremely cramped, and during the next two years, more than 150,000 Jews in the Warsaw ghetto died of starvation and diseases like typhus, as well as through execution.
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January 1943: FIRST ACTS OF JEWISH RESISTANCE
"On January 9, 1943, Heinrich Himmler visited the Warsaw ghetto and ordered 8,000 more Jews sent to Treblinka. The Jews, who feared a push for total extermination, disobeyed orders and did not report to the Nazi officials. Instead, they began waging guerrilla warfare against the Nazi soldiers, and after only a few days of fighting, the deportation of Jews ceased. That action, however, only delayed Himmler's plans."
-"Warsaw Ghetto Uprising" |
April 19, 1943: THE UPRISING
"A force of more than 2,000 Nazi soldiers, supported by the Polish police, converged on the ghetto on April 19, 1943... The force was met by a resistance of approximately 1,500 armed Jews with small weapons and homemade bombs."
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"The first day of fighting was a surprising victory for the Jewish resistance; the Jews attacked Nazi tanks and artillery with Molotov cocktails... and forced the troops to retreat, leaving behind weapons and their dead. The Nazis returned to the ghetto the second day with gas, smoke bombs, and flame throwers in an attempt to drive the resistance from their hideouts. On the third day, Nazi soldiers patrolled the city in small groups, and street-to-street combat began. Jewish resisters often hid in sewers, where the soldiers attempted to flood them out."
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"Molotov cocktails [were]... bombs made from bottles filled with flammable liquid and cloth-like material used to ignite the device".
-"Warsaw Ghetto Uprising" |
may 8-16, 1943: THE END OF THE UPRISING
"The battle lasted for 28 days, during which time the Nazis burned the ghetto and bombarded it with artillery and air strikes. On May 8, 1943, the Nazis captured the Jewish Fighting Organization's headquarters, where they found Anielewicz and a number of other resisters who had committed suicide instead of being captured."
-"Warsaw Ghetto Uprising" Right: Deportation of Jews to Treblinka concentration camp after the uprising.
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"On May 16, the Nazi command reported that 'the former Jewish quarter of Warsaw [was] no longer in existence.' During the month-long battle, more than 60,000 Jews were killed, and many more were executed or deported—only about 100 survived."
-"Warsaw Ghetto Uprising" |
Casualties in Warsaw ghetto uprising
7,000 DIED FIGHTING
7,000 CAPTURED AND KILLED IMMEDIATELY
43,000 DIED FROM DISEASE
300,000 SENT TO CONCENTRATION CAMPS
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1,000+ ESCAPED AND CONTINUED REBELLING
1,000+ ESCAPED OR WERE SMUGGLED OUT AND FLED TO OTHER COUNTRIES
7,000 CAPTURED AND KILLED IMMEDIATELY
43,000 DIED FROM DISEASE
300,000 SENT TO CONCENTRATION CAMPS
* * *
1,000+ ESCAPED AND CONTINUED REBELLING
1,000+ ESCAPED OR WERE SMUGGLED OUT AND FLED TO OTHER COUNTRIES